Section 1

Version

Topic

V14144

關于旅行社訂票

Questions 1-10

ONE WORD AND/OR A NUMBER

1. The cheapest price of a person: $ 1100 (only this month)

2. Number of bike tours can choose from: 36

3. Most of the bike tours last for a week

4. Provide walking holidays as well as bicycling

5. Tour starts from Tuesday

Section 2

Version

Topic

V15143

火車站及附近設施介紹

Questions 11-16

11. Left-luggage lockers   F

12. Bike racks           B

13. Newsagent’s         D

14. chemist’s            C

15. Toilet and shower     G

16. Waiting room        H

Questions 17-20

17. Where does the man recommend for photography exhibition……?

A. Museum

B. College

C. Library

18. What can you buy in the department store?

A. local food

B. gift for friends

C. clothing for travelling

19. What will replace the old cinema in the future?

A. apartment block

B. theatre

C. shopping centre

20. Who is the statue behind the train station?

A. a writer

B. an engineer

C. a politician

Section 3

Version

Topic

V30090

關于考古學module course

Questions 21-30

Write No more than three words for each answer

Archeology Course

The course can have all courses except 21. classical history

The course is the 22. compulsory courses

Course 1

Title: 23. Object Matter

Lecturer: Dr. Williams

Method:  Recording

          24. Classification

Interpretation

Display

Assessment：25. Course work

Course 2:

Title: 26. Towns and Cities

Lecturer: Dr .Elliot

Content：The 27. origins and development of the built world

Assessment: 28. Oral examination

Course 3:

Method and Science

All basic field study methods

Assessment: 50% course; 50% 29. seminars

Site survey at the end of the course (the 30. location will be announced later)

Section 4

Version

Topic

V11127

Extinct animals

Questions 31-40 One word Only

The problems in Australia

The extinction of birds due to the wind energy

The decreasing of 31. frog because of the increasing housing

Loss of food sources due to the pesticides

E.g: 32. birds

The single crop like 33. corn can also effect the ecosystem

The reasons lead to the extinction

People of conscious of extinct animals can be influenced by the 34. media ( e.g panda)

People are less concerned with small animals like 35. insects

Some other reasons:

36. Fear

As our 37. rivals in terms of food

Disgust

The reasons why we should prevent extinction

To improve our knowledge of 38. ecosystem

We need to improve the 39. complex of the ecosystem in order to make it more stable

The animals have other uses

1. having animals as pets

2. Cobwebs can influence the medical effects related to 40. blood clot

Passage 1

Topic

What is the secret to live a long life?

Content Review

P1 This year, the number of retired pensioners in the UK exceeded the number of under 18 for the first time in history. That's remarkable in its own right, but the real "population explosion" has been among the oldest of the old - the centenarians. In fact, this is the fastest-growing demographic in much of the developed world. In the UK, their numbers have increased by a factor of 60 since the early 20th century. And their ranks are set to swell even further, thanks to the aging baby-boomer generation: by 2030 there will be about a million worldwide.

P2 These trends raise social, ethical and economic dilemmas. Are medical advances artificially prolonging life with little regard for the quality of that life? Old age brings an increased risk of chronic disease, disability and dementia, and if growing numbers of elderly people become dependent on state or familial support, society faces skyrocketing costs and commitments. This is the dark cloud outside the silver lining of increasing longevity. Yet researchers who study the oldest old have made a surprising discovery that presents a less pessimistic vision of the future than many anticipate.

P3 It is becoming clear that people who break through the 90-plus barrier represent a physical elite, markedly different from the elderly who typically die younger than them. Far from gaining a longer burden of disability, their extra years are often healthy ones. They have a remarkable ability to live through, delay or entirely escape a host of diseases that kill off most of their peers. Supercentenarians - people aged 110 or over - are even better examples of aging gracefully. The average supercentenarian had freely gone about their daily life until the age of 105 or so, some five to 10 years longer even than centenarians, who are themselves the physical equivalent of people eight to 10 years their junior.

P4 One of the most comprehensive studies comes from Denmark. In 1998, Kaare Christensen at the University of Southern Denmark, in Odense, exploited the country's exemplary registries to contact every single one of the 3600 people born in 1905 who was still alive. Assessing their health over the subsequent decade, he found that the proportion of people who managed to remain independent throughout was constantly around one-third of the total: each individual risked becoming more infirm, but the unhealthiest ones passed away at earlier ages, leaving the strongest behind. In 2005, only 166 of the people in Christensen's sample were alive, but one-third of those were still entirely self-sufficient.

P5 Christensen's optimistic findings are echoed in studies all over the world. In the US, almost all of the 700-plus people recruited to the New England Centenarian Study (NECS) since it began in 1994 had lived independently until the age of 90, and 40 per cent of supercentenarians in the study could still look after themselves. In the UK, Carol Brayne at the University of Cambridge studied 958 people aged over 90 and found that only one-quarter of them were living in institutions or nursing homes. Likewise, research in China reveals that before their deaths, centenarians and nonagenarians spend fewer days ill and bedridden than younger elderly groups, though the end comes quickly when it finally comes. Of course, people can live independently without being entirely healthy, and it is true that most centenarians suffer from some sort of ailment. These range from osteoarthritis to simple loneliness.

P6 Not all of the oldest old survive by delaying illness or disability, though – many soldier through it. Jessica Evert of Ohio State University in Columbus examined the medical histories of over 400 centenarians. She found that those who achieve extreme longevity tend to fall into three categories. About 40 per cent were "delayers", who avoided chronic diseases until after the age of 80. Another 40 per cent were "survivors", who suffered from chronic diseases before the age of 80 but lived longer to tell the tale. The final 20 per cent were "escapers", who hit their century with no sign of the most common chronic diseases, including heart disease, cancer, diabetes, hypertension and stroke. Intriguingly, one-third of male centenarians were in this category, compared with only 15 per cent of women.

P7 Okinawa in Japan is the front runner. At 58 centenarians per 100,000 people (and rising), it has the world's highest proportion in this age group - more than five times the level of some developed countries. Like other hotspots, including Sardinia and Iceland, Okinawa is a relatively isolated island community. Of course, members of isolated communities or families usually share a particular environment too, but this alone cannot explain clusters of longevity. Gerontologists have found that the influence of social factors such as wealth fades as we age, while that of genes increases. By comparing 10,000 pairs of Scandinavian twins, Christensen found that genes only start exerting a strong influence on our lifespan after the age of 60. Before then, both identical and non-identical twins have largely independent odds of reaching a given age. Beyond 60, however, the odds of one twin reaching a given age are greatly increased if their co-twin has done so, especially if the twins are identical.

P8 This makes the "centenarian genome" a key resource for identifying "longevity genes", an invaluable step in understanding the physiological processes underlying long lives. Such genes have been found in abundance in other organisms – including over 70 in the worms. Unfortunately, it's a different story in humans. While many candidate genes have been suggested to affect lifespan, very few have been consistently verified in multiple populations.

Questions & Answers

Questions 1-7 T/F/NG

1. The largest growth of Centenarians all over the world is in the UK. NG

(原文說greatest growth in developed countries. in UK, increased 60%)

2. Fewer families are taking care of their elderly members. NG

3. People over 90 are now in good health. True

4. The Centenarians’ health conditions are better than supercentenarian. False

(原文Supercentenarian are better than Centenarians.)

5. None of the oldest old survivors in Christensen’s study could take care of themselves. False

(原文1/3 could look after themselves.)

6. The Cambridge and China studies conflicted with Christensen’s study. False

(原文The Christensen’s findings echoed all over the world.)

7. The Centenarians may suffer from stronger loneliness than the generation younger than them. NG

(原文只說they do suffer from some ailments, such as osteoarthritis and loneliness.)

Questions 8-13 Short answer questions ONE-WORD ONLY

8. What does Jessica Evert call the people who reached 100 years old without having chronic diseases?

escapers

9. Which factor is contributing to men’s longevity?

genetics

10. Which area has the largest proportion of Centenarians?

Okinawa

11. Which factor should not be neglected if people want to have a long life?

exercise

12. Which social element decreases as the age grows?

wealth

13. Which species, apart from human, have the longevity genes?

worms

Passage 2

Topic

Patterns of Settlement in England Countryside

Content Review

A: For many centuries, England has been consisted of a variety of administrative unites, which containing villages and several farmsteads and a group of helmets.

B: Villages are commonly in the west of England, where is drier and arable, while pastoral farms and helmet are usually in wetter and hillier places.

C: The characteristics of different patterns are various. The explanation to this is the difference of farming. The lackage of capital equipment makes cooperation a necessity in villages. Several villages cooperate in the clearance of woodland.

D: villages are rarer than west when moving east, pastoral farm are becoming popular due to the cultivation of cows and sheep.

E: Helmet is another pattern, which is harder to account for. Farmers and animals are generally housed in the same houses, called ‘long houses’, scattering on the lands.

F: The layout of village depending on some factors. Farmers looked for first of all unfailing water.

G: The earliest picture of settlement maps can be dated form late 16^th century. Yet, it is very clear that very hard to find the original shapes and size of patterns. For the reason that, they have been changing for centuries.

Questions & Answers

Questions 14-19

List of Headings

i.              Why certain locations are chosen for villages

ii.            Regional difference among different types of settlement

iii.           The layout of village has been changed

iv.           Sharing resources and laboring

v.            The complexity of patterns in England countryside

vi.           The design of farming building

vii.          Investigation and lifestyle of settlement

viii.        A form of pattern has not been fully explained

ix.           The impact of animals on living arrangement

   Paragraph A: v (Sample)

14. Paragraph B: ii

15. Paragraph C: iv

16. Paragraph D: ix

17. Paragraph E: viii

18. Paragraph F: i

19. Paragraph G: iii

Questions 20-26

Different Types of Settlement

For such a small country, England has been consisted of villages and several

20. farmsteads and a group of helmets. The reason for various types of settlement patterns is the 21. different farming.  (20題在文章第一段，21在第三段)

Capital equipment lackage makes the cooperation a necessity. Several villages cooperate in the 22. clearance of woodland and build 23. dikes where the water is a threat. （22題和23題在第三段，）

Moving east, 24. Pastoral farm is a popular pattern, where farmers cultivate cows and sheep, Farmers and animals are generally housed in the isolated houses, called 25. long houses. （24題和25題在第四段）

Helmet is another pattern. It develops on the 26. division of land’s descendants through centuries. （26題在第五段）

Passage 3

Topic

What does video games do to our brain?

Content Review

P1 Video games is originally created for children. James Gee conducted research about the influence of video games on adult. Other researchers are investigating the potential hidden benefits in video games.

P2 Intensive use of video games results in significant generalized improvements in cognitive function: pattern recognition, system thinking and patience.

P3 Video games challenge the brain, making it process incoming visual information more efficiently.

P4 In one study, scientists used fMRI (functional MRI) technology to study the brains of subjects.

P5 Fast action games require the player constantly to switch their attention from one part of the screen to another while also staying vigilant for other events in the environment.

P6 The reject to the cliché that video games is the coordination of eye contact and visual contact. Prof Daphne Bavelier has compared the visual abilities of gamers and non-gamers.

P7 Science has failed to find a causal link between video games and real-world acts of violence.

P8 Players use adapted controllers that mimic the tools used in surgery - and those who perform well in the game also do better in tests of their surgical skills.

P9 Video game play is literally the neurological opposite of depression. It has been further discovered that dopamine, a chemical that the brain produces, is released when we play video games.

Questions & Answers

Questions 27-31 Choose the correct letter, A,B,C,D

27. What is the writer doing in the first paragraph?

B. to introduce the background of James Paul Gee’s research

28. What is the point of the second paragraph?

C. be helpful in enhancing brain functions

29. ‘the regime of research’ refers to the way people

B. To reach the goals through the challenge of limits

30. The Gress experiment

D. was criticized for giving an advantage for the game players

31. scientists used the machine fMRI (functional MRI) aims to

D. show that subjects maybe unaware of their physical confinement

Questions 32-35

32. The most popular video games are to some extent of violence. NOT GIVEN

33. Game players develop more social skills. NO

34. Many schools are supposed to adapt video games into their courses. NOT GOVEN

35. Game players who are addicted to video games produce more dopamine in their brains. YES

Questions 36-40

Use the information in the passage to match the organization (listed A-E) with opinions or details below.

36. Shawn Green (C)

37. Daphne Bavelier (D)

38. James Paul Gee (B)

39. Steve Johnson (E)

40. The writer’s opinion (A)

Task 1

Type of questions

柱圖

題目

The chart below shows the percentage of households in one country had various goods in the years of 2001 and 2008.

Task 2

Topic

科技

Type of questions

利弊類

題目

Nowadays, people can live and work in anywhere, because of the improving communication technology and transport.

Do you think its advantages outweigh its disadvantages？

People & Animal

Friends

Teachers

Pop star

Neighbours

Teenagers

Events

Birthdays

History

Objects/Things

Jewellery

Vegetables and fruits

Boat

Bus

Places

Hometown

Home/Accommodation

High school

Media

Newspaper and magazine

Advertisement

Emails and Letters

Abstract

Work or study

Politeness

Sunshine

Names

People & Animal

Describe a couple you know who have a happy marriage.幸福的婚姻

Describe a businessman you admire.敬佩的商人

Events

Describe a time you moved to a new home or school.搬家、轉學

Describe a leisure activity near the ocean.海邊活動

Describe a time you need to arrive early.早到的經歷

Describe an interesting conversation you had with a stranger.有意思的談話

Describe a time you saw lots of people were smiling.好笑的場合

Describe a great change in your life.巨大的變化

Describe an experience that you taught a friend or a relative.教他人

Objects/Things

Describe a book you want to read again.重讀的書

Describe a time that you had a free gift.免費禮物

Describe your favourite piece of clothing.喜歡的衣服

Describe an important invention which has changed our life.重要的發明

Describe an occasion that you had a special cake.特殊的蛋糕

Describe something you bought recently that you were happy with.開心購物

Describe a traditional product in your country.傳統產品

Places

Describe a big company or organization you know.大公司

Describe a time you went to a crowded place.擁擠的地方

Describe an interesting place that few people know.鮮有人知的地方

Describe a place you know where people go to listen to music (such as a theatre or a music hall).聽音樂的地方

Describe a public park or garden.公園

Media

Describe a website you like to visit.喜歡訪問的網站

重點話題Sample Answer

Describe a businessman you admire.

You should say:

Who this person is

How you know this person

And why you admire him/her.

Cristiano Ronaldo is one of the most eminent soccer players in the world, gaining both fame and wealth from his career. Moreover, he is also the crème de la crème when it comes to business. Possessing the gift of being economical and despite all the pressure, he took the bull by the horns and started his very first brand CR7 in 2013, which turned out to be a huge success.

In the following years, he set up some personal brands, including CR7 footwear and CR7 underwear, which are selling like hot cakes. He then threw himself into philanthropy and tries his best to help those in need, which he thinks, according to his words, is an obligation. These are, beyond all doubts, his star attributes that attract me most.