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  despondent

  very sad and without hope

  adj. 沮喪的;失望的

  After four days and still no word that the missing plane had been located, the relatives were despondent.

  detour

  a deviation from a direct course or the usual procedure; especially : a roundabout;way temporarily replacing part of a route

  vi./n. 迂回的, 轉(zhuǎn)彎抹角的;便道, 繞路

  We detoured around the heaviest traffic.

  devotee

  a person who enjoys or is interested in sth very much

  n. 信徒，愛(ài)好者

  a devotee of stamp collecting

  dexterous

  having or showing great skill or cleverness

  adj. 靈巧的

  The dexterous watchmaker was able to repair the antique watch's delicate gears and parts.

  differentiate

  1. recognize or ascertain what makes (someone or something) different 2. make or become different in the process of growth or development

  v. 區(qū)分;辨別

  It was hard at first to differentiate between the two styles of music.

  digress

  to speak or write about something that is different from the main subject being discussed

  vi. 離題;走向岔道

  She digressed from her prepared speech to pay tribute to the president.

  digression

  1:the act or an instance of digressing in a discourse or other usually organized literary work

  2 archaic : a going aside

  n. 偏題

  The professor's frequent and extended digressions are the stuff of campus legend.

  diligence

  persevering application

  n.勤奮

  Diligence is the mother of success.

  diligent

  characterized by steady, earnest, and energetic effort : painstaking

  adj. 勤勉的;用功的，費(fèi)盡心血的

  a student who has been unceasingly diligent in pursuit of a degree in mathematics

  dime

  1 a : a coin of the United States worth 1/10 dollar b : a petty sum of money

  2 : a Canadian 10-cent piece

  n. 一角硬幣

  diminish

  to become or to cause (something) to become less in size, importance, etc.

  vt. 使減少;使變小

  The state's blood supplies were severely diminished by the two consecutive disasters.

  dire

  very bad: causing great fear or worry

  adj. 可怕的

  Even the smallest mistake could have dire consequences.

  disciple

  someone who accepts and helps to spread the teachings of a famous person

  n. 門徒，信徒;弟子

  a circle of dedicated disciples who conscientiously wrote down everyting the prophet said

  discredit

  loss of reputation or respect

  n. 懷疑;無(wú)信用;名聲的敗壞

  The previous government is, by now, thoroughly discredited.

  discrepancy

  a difference especially between things that should be the same

  n. 不符;矛盾;相差

  The discrepancy of the calculations of my bill by the hotel and myself was a matter of concern.

  discrimination

  the practice of unfairly treating a person or group of people differently from other people or groups of people

  n. 歧視;區(qū)別，辨別;識(shí)別力

  In her mind there did not exist a discrimination between the imaginary and the real.

  discursive

  talking or writing about many different things in a way that is not highly organized

  adj. 散漫的;離題的;東拉西扯的;無(wú)層次的

  The speaker's discursive style made it difficult to understand his point.

  disembody

  to divest of a body, of corporeal existence, or of reality

  vt. 使脫離肉體，無(wú)實(shí)體的，無(wú)實(shí)質(zhì)的

  His death disembodied his spirits.

  dismay

  to cause (someone) to feel very worried, disappointed, or upset

  vt. 使沮喪;使驚慌

  The watched in dismay as the house burned.

  dispersed

  situated in many different places; a long way apart from each other

  adj. 散布的;被分散的;被驅(qū)散的

  The campaign staffi dspersed almost immediately after the election.

  disseminate

  to cause (something, such as information) to go to many people

  v. 宣傳;散播;傳染(病毒)

  Missionaries sent by their church to disseminate their faith.

  dissolution

  1 : the act or process of dissolving: as a : separation into component parts b (1) : DECAY, DISINTEGRATION (2) : DEATH c : termination or destruction by breaking down, disrupting, or dispersing d : the dissol

  n.分裂，分解;放蕩，荒淫

  One of the junta's first acts was the dissolution of the national assembly.

  distill

  to make (a liquid) pure by heating it until it becomes a gas and then cooling it until it is a liquid again : to purify (a liquid) by distillation: to make (a strong alcoholic drink) by using this process

  v. 提取;蒸餾;使滴下

  The basement walls distill water every time it rains heavily.

  distinguished

  1 having or showing a formal and serious or reserved manner; 2 standing above others in rank, importance, or achievement

  adj. 高貴的，著名的，卓著的

  Heads turned as the well-dressed, distinguished couple strode through the hotel lobby.

  divert

  cause (someone or something) to change course or turn from one direction to another

  v. 轉(zhuǎn)移

  The bike race was diverted around the construction zone.

  divulge

  to make (information) known : to give (information) to someone

  vt.泄露; 暴露; 揭發(fā); <古>公布，宣布

  We tried to make him divulge the name of the winner, but he wouldn't budge.

  doctrinaire

  used to describe a person who has bery strong beliefs about what should be done and will not change them or accept other people's opinions

  adj.空談理由的，教條主義的

  He is firm but not doctrinaire.

  domineering

  inclined to exercise arbitrary and overbearing control over others

  adj. 跋扈的;專橫的;盛氣凌人的

  The younger children in the family were controlled by a domineering older sister.

  downright

  straight down

  adj. 完全地; 徹底地; 全然

  ideas that would have been downright dangerous if put into practice

  drab

  not bright or colorful: to plain or dull to be interesting

  adj. 單調(diào)的; 土褐色的

  his drab little office

  dramatize

  to make (a book, an event, etc.) into a play, movie, television show, etc. to make a situation seem more important or serious than it really is

  v. 使…戲劇化

  They have a tendency to show off, to dramatize almost every situation.

  dread

  great fear

  n. 恐懼, 恐怖

  He lives with a constant dread of rejection.

  dreary

  causing unhappiness or sad feelings; not warm, cheerful, etc.

  adj. 沉悶的，枯燥的

  He vowed that he would never take a desk job working in a dreary office.

  droll

  having an odd and amusing quality

  adj. 滑稽的;好笑的;逗趣的

  Evelyn is entertaining company, with droll and sardonic observations on nearly everything.

  dub

  1:to give (someone or something) a name or title 2:to give (someone) the title of a knight

  v. 笨蛋;鼓聲

  It was dubbed into Spanish for Mexican audiences.

  duplicitous

  given to or marked by cheating and deception

  adj. 奸詐的，兩面派的

  I warned her not to trust the duplicitous art dealer.

  duplicity

  dishonest behavior that is meant to trick someone

  n. 口是心非;表里不一;不誠(chéng)實(shí)

  We were lucky not to be taken in by his duplicity.

  dynamic

  1 having active strength of body or mind; 2 marked by or uttered with forcefulness

  adj. 動(dòng)態(tài)的，動(dòng)力的，有活力的

  Group dynamics are important to consider.

  ebullient

  lively and enthusiastic

  adj. 熱情洋溢的;沸騰的

  the ebuliient Russian president

  edge

  to move or force gradually

  vi. 緩緩移動(dòng);側(cè)著移動(dòng)

  Trees edge the lake.

  edifice

  a structure that has a roof and walls and stands more or less permanently in one place

  n. 大廈，大型建筑

  The U.S. Capitol is one of our nation's most impressive edifices.

  edify

  to teach sb in a way that improves the mind or character

  v. 啟迪

  a family-oriented show that tried to edify the television audience as well as entertain it

  efface

  to eliminate or make indistinct by or as if by wearing away a surfaceto make (oneself) modestly or shyly inconspicuous

  vt. 使黯然失色;抹去;使自己不受人注意

  When the supply ship finally arrived, it discovered that virtually all evidence of the colony at Roanoke had been effaced.

  effrontery

  a very confident attitude or way of behaving that is shocking or rude : nerve

  n. 厚顏無(wú)恥

  The little squirt had the effrontery to deny eating any cookies, even with the crumbs still on his lips.

  effusive

  expressing a lot of emotion

  adj. 流出的，感情洋溢的

  often effusive no matter what the occasion, my aunt is even more so at weddings and funerals.

  egalitarian

  aiming for equal wealth, status, etc., for all people

  adj. 平等主義的

  I still believe in the notion of an egalitarian society.

  elated

  very happy and excited

  adj. 興高采烈的;得意洋洋的

  She was elated upon learning that she had been accepted by her first-choice college.

  elation

  the quality or state of being elated; pathological euphoria

  n. 興高采烈，得意洋洋

  Most people can't imagine the kind of elation that comes with winning a super lottery's grand prize, but they're dying to find out.

  elicit

  to get (a response, information, etc.) from someone

  v. 抽出，引出;引起

  The role elicited the actress's flair for comedy that previous directors had overlooked.

  eliminate

  1 to remove(sth that is not wanted or needed):to get rid of sth 2 to defeat and remove(a team, player,etc.) from a competition

  v. 消除，去除

  The stiff entry fee is intended to eliminate less-than-serious competitors.

  elude

  to get or keep away from (as a responsibility) through cleverness or trickery

  v. 逃避，躲避

  The killer was able to elude the police.

  embellish

  to decorate (something) by adding special details and features : to make (something) more appealing or attractive

  vt. 修飾 ;裝飾;潤(rùn)色

  The walls of the French restaurant are embellished with scenes of Parisian life.

  embody

  to cause to become a body or part of a body

  v. 具體表達(dá); 包含

  The must embody their ideas in substantial instituions if they are to survive.

  embolden

  to instill with boldness or courage

  vt. 使有膽量，使大膽

  His poor showing in his first swim meet just emboldened him to train even harder.

  embroidery

  the process or art of sewing a design on cloth; extra details that are added to make a story more interesting and that are not true or accurate

  n. 刺繡;粉飾

  It's doubtful that she ever told an anecdote without considerable embroidery.

  empirical

  originating in or based on observation or experience

  ajg憑經(jīng)驗(yàn)的; 經(jīng)驗(yàn)主義的; 以觀察或?qū)嶒?yàn)為依據(jù)的

  guidelines for raising children that are based on empirical evidence

  emulate

  1 to be the same in meaning or effect; 2 to use (someone or something) as the model for one's speech, mannerisms, or behavior

  v. 仿真，模仿，盡力趕上，同...競(jìng)爭(zhēng)

  Sons are traditionally expected to emulate their fathers.

  enact

  somewhat formal : to perform (something, such as a scene in a play)

  vt. 頒布;制定法律

  Congress enacts all laws relating to foreign trade and immigration.

  enchant

  o attract and hold the attention of (someone) by being interesting, pretty, etc.

  vt. 使迷惑

  The child actress enchanted audiences with her bubbly personality.

  encompass

  to include (something) as a part

  包含;包圍，環(huán)繞;完成

  A necklace of spphire-blue lakes encompasses the town.

  encumbrance

  something that encumbers : impediment, burden

  n.負(fù)擔(dān); 累贅; 妨礙; 阻礙

  Without the encumbrance of a heavy backpack, I could sprint along the trail.

  endearing

  adj. 可愛(ài)的;討人喜歡的;引起愛(ài)情的

  She has such an endearing personality.

  endow

  to give a large amount of money to a school, hospital, etc.,

  vt. 賦予;捐贈(zèng);天生具有

  The program to bring the arts to inner-city youths is endowed by a grant from the federal government.

  endurance

  the ability to do something difficult for a long time

  n. 忍耐力;忍耐;持久;耐久

  The endurance of his love for his wife was not arrested even by her death.

  engulf

  to flow over and cover (someone or something)

  vt. 吞沒(méi);吞食，狼吞虎咽

  High waves from the hurricane engulfed large areas of the coastal community.

  enliven

  to give life, action, or spirit to: animate

  vt. 使活潑;使生動(dòng);使有生氣，使活躍

  In most instances it's a good idea to enliven a speech with a joke or two.

  entangle

  to get (someone) involved in a confusing or difficult situation

  vt. 使糾纏;卷入;使混亂

  The young runaway gradually became entangled in a web of lies.

  enthralling

  lovable especially in a childlike or naive way

  adj. 迷人的

  enumerate

  to name (things) one after another in a list

  vt. 列舉

  Let's enumerate the top ten reasons why Top Ten lists have gotten out of hand.

  ephemera

  things that are important or useful for only a short time : items that were not meant to have lasting value

  n.曇花一現(xiàn)之物; 朝生暮死之物

  Wednesday is going to be a big day for ephemera collectors of the literary persuasion.

  epilogue

  a final section or speech after the main part of a book, play, or musical composition

  n. 結(jié)語(yǔ)，收?qǐng)霭?尾聲，后記

  The producers returned to the gym and shot a satisfying epilogue for this month's TLC broadcast.

  equivalent

  a person or thing equal to another in value or measure or force or effect or significance etc

  adj. 相等的，等價(jià)的

  Many colleges and employers will accept what is known as a GED as the equivalent of a high school diploma.

  erosion

  the gradual destruction of something by natural forces (such as water, wind, or ice) : the process by which something is eroded or worn away

  n. 侵蝕，腐蝕

  The erosion of the banks along the river worries flood experts.

  erudite

  having or showing knowledge that is learned by studying

  adj. 博學(xué)的;有學(xué)問(wèn)的

  The most erudite people in medical research attended the conference.

  eschew

  to avoid (something) especially because you do not think it is right, proper, etc.

  v. 避免;避開(kāi);遠(yuǎn)避

  The minister eschews involvement in local politics, since he doesn't want to diminish his moral authority in the community.

  ethical

  involving questions of right and wrong behavior : relating to ethics

  adj. 倫理的;道德的;憑處方出售的

  The ethical course of action for the senator who lied to Congress would be to resign.

  eulogya

  speech that praises someone who has died

  n. 悼詞;頌詞;頌揚(yáng);贊詞

  Several eulogies were given at the special assembly marking the retirement of the company's longtime president.

  evaporate

  to change from a liquid into a gas

  vt. 使……蒸發(fā);使……脫水;使……消失

  By mid-morning the fog that had enshrouded the island had just evaporated.

  evasion

  the act of avoiding something that you do not want to do or deal with : the act of evading something

  n. 逃避;回避;借口

  Pleading chronic back pain is my standard evasion for doing any heavy lifting.

  evocation

  the act of bringing something into the mind or memory

  n. 招魂;喚起;喚出

  a perfect evocation of the period

  evocative

  bringing thoughts, memories, or feelings into the mind

  adj. 喚起的;喚出的

  The Italian-American restaurant is decorated in a manner evocative of the charming outdoor cafes in Italy.

  excavate

  to uncover (something) by digging away and removing the earth that covers it

  vi. 發(fā)掘;細(xì)查

  Workmen are excavating a long tunnel that will eventualy replace the aboveground expressway.

  execrable

  very bad

  adj. 惡劣的;可憎恨的

  Her execrable singing finally brought a complaint from the neighbors.

  exemplary

  extremely good and deserving to be admired and copied

  adj. 典范的;懲戒性的;可仿效的

  As a hospital volunteer you have given exemplary service to your community.

  exhalation

  something exhaled or given off; an act of exhaling

  n. 蒸發(fā)，呼氣;散發(fā)物

  Her answer was so hushed that it seemed barely more than an exhalation of air.

  exhilaration

  a feeling of great happiness and excitement

  n. 愉快;令人高興

  The lavish spectacle results in one exhilaration after another.

  expostulate

  to present an opposing opinion or argument

  v. 勸誡，告誡

  I expostulate with her on the impropriety.

  exquisite

  carefully selected : choice;marked by flawless craftsmanship or by beautiful, ingenious, delicate, or elaborate execution

  adj. 精致的;細(xì)膩的;優(yōu)美的，高雅的;異常的;劇烈的

  This exquisite embroidery won people's great admiration.

  extol

  to praise sb or sth highly

  v. 贊美

  campaign literature extolling the candidate's military record

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