在SAT議論文中，為了更好的說(shuō)服別人，支撐自己的觀點(diǎn)，除了使用一些證據(jù)之外，盡量從語(yǔ)言上來(lái)修飾自己的文章，讓觀點(diǎn)更加吸引人。例如，在議論文中使用不同的措辭(diction)達(dá)到的效果那肯定是不一樣。今天新航道SAT寫(xiě)作小編就為各位考生來(lái)看看措辭在議論文中是如何發(fā)揮它的說(shuō)服作用的。

  什么是措辭(diction)?

  choice of words especially with regard to correctness, clearness, or effectiveness

  在SAT寫(xiě)作中，措辭就是指準(zhǔn)確，清晰以及有效的用詞。比如說(shuō)查爾斯·狄更斯(Charles Dickens)《雙城記》中有這么一段：“It was the best of times, it was the worst of times, it was the age of wisdom, it was the age of foolishness, it was the epoch of belief, it was the epoch of incredulity, it was the season of Light, it was the season of Darkness, it was the spring of hope, it was the winter of despair”

  通過(guò)不斷重復(fù)的使用“it was”，以及從各個(gè)角度去解釋times, age, epoch ,season, spring等等這些與時(shí)間相關(guān)的詞，讓讀者能夠更加深刻地關(guān)注到小說(shuō)的主題“age”的特點(diǎn)。

  措辭常見(jiàn)的修辭效果有哪些?

  1) 傳情達(dá)意

  to create and convey a typical mood, tone and atmosphere to their readers

  2) 影響讀者的態(tài)度

  to affect the reader’s attitude

  常用句型如下：

  What the author does?

  ● The author employs stylistic elements through his / her careful choice of words…

  ● His / her humorous diction / scientific / negative / positive term / emotive verb / colloquialism …

  ● The author uses powerful negative/positive imagery…

  Why he or she does it?

  ● …to strengthen the argument…

  ● …to describe their plight…

  ● …to emphasize the disparity between…

  What effect this is likely to have on readers?

  ● …makes a more powerful impression on the reader.

  ● …create an atmosphere of disparity between…

  ● …the author correctly targets our instincts to…

  如何用3W原則

  對(duì)diction展開(kāi)深度分析?

  如何使用3W原則來(lái)分析一篇議論文中的diction呢，我們一起看個(gè)例子吧~

  While college athletes may not exactly be employees, they are more than just students. Their work, which generates exorbitant amounts of money year in and year out, deserves compensation… The NCAA currently resides in a state of pure hypocrisy. It preaches that its main goal is to educate student-athletes…Disallowing athletes the ability to make a profit on their own work, though, is not just wrong. It is unjust and inhumane.(原文選自The Blue Line: College Athletes Should be Paid)

  分 析

  The terms he uses in the article, such as “exorbitant,” “preaches,” “unjust,” and “inhumane,”all create an atmosphere of disparity between student-athlete and university, supporting the position that these individuals deserve a greater degree of equity during their college years.

  原文如何體現(xiàn)3W原則

  首先范文準(zhǔn)確的描述了原文作者寫(xiě)了什么?(The terms he uses in the article)，即原文作者使用了一些好的詞語(yǔ)表達(dá)。

  緊接著，分析了這一寫(xiě)作手法對(duì)讀者產(chǎn)生的效果(create an atmosphere of disparity)，即營(yíng)造了一種不公平的氛圍，激發(fā)了讀者同情心。

  從而達(dá)到了作者預(yù)定的寫(xiě)作目的(supporting the position that)即說(shuō)服讀者相信，大學(xué)生運(yùn)動(dòng)員也需要受到像職業(yè)運(yùn)動(dòng)員一樣的公平待遇。

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